Vietnam

Intelligence for Better Decision Making

Vietnam Moves to Overhaul Education Management and Curriculum Standards
Nov. 18, 2025 | Demographics & Human Capital

Vietnam’s National Assembly is considering comprehensive education policy reforms aimed at overhauling teacher management, curriculum standards, and institutional governance.

**The National Assembly reviewed a draft Resolution on November 17 that proposes to overhaul educational workforce management by granting provincial Departments of Education and Training the authority to recruit, assign, and manage teaching and administrative personnel.**
This measure would replace the current system under commune-level People’s Committees, which often generates local teacher surpluses and shortages. Under the proposal, provincial Departments could reassign staff flexibly among communes, while commune People’s Committees would retain control over personnel only within their own jurisdictions.

**The draft attributes the move toward centralization to inefficiencies in commune-led recruitment—generalized exam content, high costs, and limited candidate pools.**
By consolidating recruitment at the provincial level, the Government aims to standardize procedures, reduce regional disparities, and align human resources with broader educational reforms. The Committee on Culture and Social Affairs has endorsed these changes but called for transparent processes, rigorous monitoring, and fair personnel management to guard against favoritism and other negative practices.

**Building on workforce reforms, the draft establishes incentive policies setting minimum professional allowances at 70 percent of base salary for teachers, 30 percent for support staff, and 100 percent for personnel serving in disadvantaged or remote areas.**
It also defines special pay scales for university lecturers, vocational trainers, and healthcare workers within education institutions. The resolution pledges to cultivate talent and produce high-quality human resources in line with market demands, to grant greater autonomy to higher education and vocational schools, to renew curricula, to adopt a single nationwide textbook by 2030, and to promote lifelong learning opportunities.

**Alongside human-resource and curricular initiatives, the draft introduces mechanisms for digital transformation, including the establishment of national education databases and collaboration among state agencies, schools, and enterprises.**
It incorporates international integration measures such as attracting foreign experts, developing overseas branch campuses, and clarifying funding for Vietnamese specialists abroad. Financial proposals seek to allocate at least 20 percent of total public expenditure to education, to encourage public-private partnerships, and to provide land, tax, and credit incentives for investors in the sector.

**Organizational reforms in the draft would abolish School Councils in public schools—except those operating under international agreements—and consolidate leadership positions to streamline operations.**
New legal frameworks address gaps in digital resource mobilization and international cooperation, and they guarantee free general education textbooks beginning in the 2026–2027 school year, with full implementation of the single-textbook system by 2030. The resolution also provides tuition exemptions for mandatory National Defense and Security Education courses at higher education institutions.

**A government appraisal agency generally endorsed the comprehensive reforms but requested clearer regulations on provincial directors’ authority for personnel reassignment and stronger oversight mechanisms to prevent misuse.**
Reviewers queried the potential impact of a single-textbook system on diversity and quality assurance and sought details on doctoral scholarship programs to avoid overlap and guard against post-training brain drain. The Committee on Culture and Social Affairs further recommended additional study of decentralization, resource sharing among education and science bodies, and detailed implementation plans to support disadvantaged regions.

**The National Assembly will revisit the draft on November 20 and could adopt it on December 11, coinciding with Vietnamese Teachers’ Day.**
Vietnam’s Rapid Emergence as a Semiconductor Industry Hub
Nov. 18, 2025 | Technology & Innovation

Vietnam has positioned its semiconductor industry as a cornerstone of national competitiveness and economic growth.

**The government mobilized $11.6 billion to build the sector, and today Vietnam hosts around 60 semiconductor design enterprises, eight packaging and testing projects, and roughly 20 companies supplying materials and equipment for manufacturing.**
This financial commitment underpins a vibrant ecosystem poised to strengthen the country’s role in the global technology supply chain.

**The SEMI EXPO Vietnam 2025 illustrated this momentum with more than 250 booths representing firms from 19 regions.**
Deputy Minister Bui Hoang Phuong emphasized the sector’s contribution to national competitiveness and pointed to government efforts to simplify policies, upgrade infrastructure, and attract both skilled talent and foreign investment.

**Major players such as Samsung, Intel, Amkor, Foxconn, Hana Micron, NVIDIA, Qualcomm, Coherent, and Marvell are expanding operations in Vietnam, reflecting its growing appeal as a manufacturing and R&D destination.**
Policymakers have streamlined investment procedures and improved infrastructure to support high-tech manufacturing, while initiatives in talent development aim to prepare a specialized workforce. Yet the ecosystem still faces challenges, including workforce limitations and gaps in the value chain.

**Vietnam’s strategic geopolitical location, robust export growth, favorable institutional framework, young workforce demographic, and strong political commitment create a solid foundation for industry expansion and self-reliance.**
To align efforts through 2030, the Ministry of Science and Technology introduced the “C=SET+1” strategy, which focuses on researching and producing specialized semiconductor products; integrating semiconductors into broader electronics and digital transformation efforts; prioritizing high-quality talent via specialized training and laboratory investments; and leveraging geopolitical strengths to deepen participation in the global supply chain.

**The Viettel Semiconductor Center embodies this strategy by designing specialized chips, developing a domestic technology workforce, and advancing toward a high-tech manufacturing plant.**
It aims to support 100 chip design enterprises and train 15,000 engineers by 2030, with its manufacturing facility serving as the linchpin for completing Vietnam’s semiconductor value chain.

Monitored Intelligence for Vietnam - Nov. 19, 2025


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Xăng sinh học E10 được bán trên cả nước từ tháng 6/2026

E10 Biofuel Will Be Sold Nationwide from June 2026

VN Express | Local Language | News | Nov. 19, 2025 | UndeterminedEnergy Prices

Starting June 1, 2026, Vietnam will widely sell E10 gasoline, which blends 10% ethanol with conventional gasoline, nationwide as per Circular 50/2025 released by the Ministry of Industry and Trade. E5 RON92 gasoline will continue to be available until the end of 2030. The Ministry will periodically review and adjust biofuel blending ratios or introduce different gasoline types to ensure energy security, environmental protection, and consumer rights.

Currently, the pilot sale of E10 gasoline began on August 1, 2025, in Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, and Hai Phong by Petrolimex and PVOIL. While E10 can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and is compatible with most vehicles without engine modifications, some consumers remain cautious about its quality. Experts advise vehicle owners to check their safety instructions before using E10. The fuel is priced within the Ministry's fuel price management cycle and is generally cheaper than RON 95-III gasoline; as of November 13, 2025, E10 was priced at 20,150 dong per liter, 420 dong less than RON 95-III.

Vietnam currently operates six ethanol production plants with a combined capacity of 600,000 m3 per year, covering about 40% of ethanol demand for E10 blending. The gap is expected to be filled by imports, mainly from the United States and Brazil. The annual demand for E100 ethanol is estimated at 1.5 million m3, based on 2024 gasoline consumption. Major companies such as Petrolimex, PVOIL, BSR, and Saigon Petro have sufficient infrastructure to meet blending requirements.

While B5 and B10 bio-diesel blending is not yet mandatory, the Ministry encourages production and trade in these bio-diesel products. To boost consumer acceptance, experts recommend that authorities and businesses provide clear technical information and usage guidelines on E10 biofuel gasoline.

Từ tháng 6/2026, cả nước chỉ bán xăng sinh học E10, E5

From June 2026, the entire country will only sell E10 and E5 biofuels

Dantri | Local Language | News | Nov. 19, 2025 | Regulation

From June 1, 2026, Vietnam will mandate the nationwide sale of E10 gasoline, which consists of 10% ethanol blended with unleaded gasoline, for use in gasoline engines. Additionally, E5 RON 92 gasoline containing 5% ethanol will continue to be available until the end of December 2030. This implementation timeline for E10 gasoline is six months later than originally planned by the Ministry of Industry and Trade. The Ministry will periodically review and adjust biofuel blending ratios to ensure energy security, environmental protection, and consumer rights.

Bio-diesel blends B5 and B10 are not yet mandatory for diesel engines, though the Ministry encourages organizations and individuals to participate in their production and trade. Pilot sales of E10 RON 95 gasoline began on August 1, 2025, at select petrol stations, including those operated by Vietnam National Petroleum Group (Petrolimex) and Vietnam Oil Corporation (PV Oil) in major cities such as Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, and Haiphong. Some consumers, especially owners of older vehicles, express hesitation regarding the use of E10 biofuel.

Officials and experts assert that E10 gasoline is generally compatible with most vehicles currently in circulation. Dr. Dao Duy Anh noted that vehicle models produced since 2000 in the U.S. have used E15, and E10 has been used since 1980, suggesting minimal impact on older vehicles. The Ministry plans to conduct tests on older vehicle models to accurately assess the effects of E10 gasoline on engines. Research from Hanoi University of Science and Technology indicates that E10 performs equivalently or better than conventional gasoline in terms of power and fuel consumption but may have some effects on older carburetor-equipped vehicles.

Thị trường IPO 'tỉnh giấc'

IPO Market Awakens

VN Express | Local Language | News | Nov. 19, 2025 | UndeterminedInvestor Sentiment

Initial public offering (IPO) activity in Vietnam has significantly increased in 2025, marked by notable deals such as Vinpearl’s listing and IPOs by Techcombank Securities, VPBankS, and VPS, which experienced overwhelming investor demand. One IPO attracted more than 26,000 investors, a rare figure in the Vietnamese market.

This resurgence is attributed to a stable domestic economy, easing monetary policies, and FTSE Russell’s upgrade of Vietnam’s securities classification to "secondary emerging market," attracting substantial foreign capital. Regulatory improvements, including relaxed foreign ownership limits and faster listing procedures, have also facilitated this IPO revival, with the time for post-IPO financial reviews reduced from 3–6 months to about 30 days.

Despite the uptick, IPOs remain concentrated in traditional sectors like finance and real estate, with limited participation from consumer goods, manufacturing, technology, or foreign-invested companies. Unlike a decade ago, current IPOs primarily involve private companies aiming to raise capital for expansion while increasing transparency. Institutional investors, private equity, and international strategic shareholders are increasingly involved, and companies emphasize IFRS compliance and sophisticated investor communications over previous auction-based capital raising methods.

The earlier wave of IPOs was largely driven by state-owned enterprise privatization, with public sector restructuring as the main goal, but most state capital remained post-IPO, limiting market liquidity. Today’s IPOs reflect a mature private sector with proactive capital market engagement. Upcoming significant IPOs in late 2025 and 2026 include Hòa Phát Agriculture, Kafi Securities, and Gelex Infrastructure, with later offerings expected from retail, F&B, fintech, manufacturing, and distribution sectors.

Successful IPOs require sizable deal volumes to satisfy fund investment and exit needs, credible growth projections for the next 12–24 months, reputable institutional backing pre-IPO, transparency in ownership and internal controls, and professional investor relations. Although domestic IPOs are thriving with an estimated $47 billion market by 2027, few firms pursue international listings due to cautious attitudes post-2022 corporate bond crisis and less attractive foreign valuations.

Experts view Vietnam’s domestic market as the strongest in Southeast Asia, with its growing scale and emphasis on transparency making local listings preferable over international ones for now. Preparing for international IPOs demands rigorous standards including stable IFRS reporting, investor communication in English, and readiness for continuous scrutiny, public criticism, and legal risks following listing.

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